Integrating sources into a paper can be challenging. How much of a source do you use? When should you use quotation marks? It is important to remember that you are the author of a paper, so sources are properly used to back up your own arguments, not state an argument in themselves, so how you use them depends on the structure of your paper and your argument. Show
Here is a paragraph from a scholarly article: These results suggest that morning people, or early chronotypes—as measured on the morningness–eveningness continuum are more proactive than are evening types. Additionally, the misalignment of social and biological time, as assessed by the difference between rise times on weekdays and on free days, correlated with proactivity, suggesting that people with a high misalignment of social and biological time may be less able to act in a proactive manner, probably because of sleep delay. Their biological schedules seem not to fit neatly into social demands (e.g., school, university, work schedules) as do those of less misaligned people. Randler, C. (2009). Proactive people are morning people. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39(12), 2787-2797. See examples of how to quote, paraphrase and summarize this paragraph below:
Which TWO quotations best support each character’s point of view? Select one quotation for each character.
Asked by kameron w #934310 on 9/30/2019 10:42 PM Last updated byjill d #170087 on 10/1/2019 12:27 AMAnswered by jill d #170087 on 10/1/2019 12:27 AM B. Monsieur Loisel: “Every one wants one; it's very select, and very few go to the clerks.” ( Paragraph 12) E. Mathilde: “…there's nothing so humiliating as looking poor in the middle of a lot of rich women.” ( Paragraph 32)
Quotations and examples are an integral part of paragraphs and essays. But, do you still find yourself confused about how to use quotations or examples in your paragraphs or even identify them in the first place? Don’t worry! In this article, we will provide a checklist to make sure that you KNOW how to use quotations and examples effectively in your essay. Download your free step-by-step planner, now! Learn to write detailed and insightful paragraphs and score better marks! Your planner is on the way! Check your email for the downloadable link. (Please allow a few minutes for your download to land in your inbox) What is a quotation or example?An example is evidence from the text that supports your argument. Evidence includes quotations, images, statistics etc. It is important that you identify the technique and explain its effect, but you still need to provide the actual example to solidify your argument. For example: 1. The autumnal setting in Frost’s poem symbolises a time of change because autumn usually represents transition. 2. The autumnal setting represented as “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood” symbolises a time of change as autumn usually represents a transition. A quotation (also known as quote) is a particular type of example that is used in essays.
This is not plagiarism because the cited text usually sits between quotation marks (” “) and, thus, credit is given to the author/text. Your readers gain a better understanding of your analysis when you use an example/quotation. Correctly presenting your example or quotation provides a clearer image of your argument by giving your reader the context of the example and its technique. However, it is important not to confuse examples with evidence. Evidence is ANY information that you can find in texts to support your argument. This includes techniques, EXAMPLES and QUOTATIONS. Think of it this way: Evidence → examples → quotations → techniques How to use quotations and examples in different waysThere are many different ways that you can quote in your essay. Each method serves a different purpose and it is up to you to decide which one works best for that example. Let’s have a look at these different methods. Introducing direct quotationsThis is when you use quotation marks (” “) to repeat the author’s words and connect it with an introductory/explanatory phrase. There are many different ways you can do this. 1. Using a quote with an introductory/explanatory phrase An introductory phrase introduces the technique and/or context of the quote before the actual quotation, whereas an explanatory phrase explains the meaning of the quotation/technique. Let’s look at some examples: Example 1: Frost represents a time of change through the symbolic autumnal setting in “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”. Example 2: In the opening of the poem, “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, the autumnal setting is symbolic of the time for change since autumn is usually associated with transition. Example 3: The autumnal setting created in “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, symbolises a time of change as autumn usually represents a transition. 2. Explaining the meaning and then using a colon to introduce the quote Let’s look at an example: Example 1: Frost represents a time of change through the symbolic autumnal setting in the opening of the poem: “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”. 3. Using 2 separate sentences Here, we have an introductory/explanatory sentence and an introductory/explanatory phrase with the quotation: Example 1: Frost highlights the need for change by creating an autumnal setting in the opening, as autumn is often associated with transitions. This is illustrated through the symbolic yellow woods in “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”. Example 2: Frost uses symbolism to emphasise the need for change in “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”. Here, the yellow woods create an autumnal setting which is representative of a transitional stage. Example 3: The need for change is highlighted in the opening of the poem, “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”. Here, the yellow woods are symbolic of autumn’s transitional nature.
Interweaving quotations in your analysisThis is when you integrate your quotations in your analysis. Doing this will increase readability. Here are some examples: Example 1: The autumnal setting of the “yellow woods” is symbolic of the need for change as autumn is often linked with transition. Example 2: The audience realises that the persona is anxious about the future changes as he attempts to look “down one as far as [he] could” in an attempt to predict it. Shortening quotationsWhen you want to quote long sentences or more one sentence, you can use ellipses (…) to shorten it. This ensures that you only quote the relevant part that helps you build your argument. Example 1: Frost highlights that humans are innately anxious of changes through the symbolic use of the yellow woods and the persona’s anxiety in “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood… And [I] looked down one as far as I could” In very rare cases, you can also use ellipses in front of a quotation. or after it, to indicate that there is a continuation beyond what is presented. Indirect quotationsIndirect quotations involve presenting the quotation and paraphrasing or sumarising (part of) the text. Let’s see what that involves. Example 1: Frost describes the persona as standing by the crossroads and looking down the streets to highlight human’s innate anxiety towards changes. How to find relevant and strong quotations/examples?Having relevant and strong examples in your essay is very important. It ensures that your essay is concise, sustained and answers the question. But…
However, if the quote or example doesn’t add relevant insight to your argument, it will show the marker that you are not certain about the arguments you are raising. This will COST YOU MARKS! This is why you need to make sure that you know how to choose the best examples for your essay. To do this, we need to first know how to effectively read or view your text. Let’s quickly recap that process. How to read/view your text
Now that you know how to effectively read/view your text, let’s go through some dos and don’ts to find relevant and strong examples… The dos and dont’s of finding quotations and examples
How do we integrate quotations and examples into our discussion?Now that you know how to find relevant and strong quotes, we need to learn how to integrate them into our essays effectively. Firstly, you need to figure out what your argument will be. They will usually be summarised in your topic sentences.
As we discussed earlier, there are many different ways you can quote your text. Click here to see them. Ultimately, you have to decide which method works best for your purpose. Here are some tips to effectively integrate your quotes and examples in your essay:
Now you that you know the dos and don’ts to use quotations and examples, it is your turn to put it into practice! Ready to ace English?Be one step ahead of your peers with advanced completion of contents before it’s taught at school. Book your free Matrix Lesson today and learn more about our Year 9 English Term Course. |