The two primary goals of probation and parole are protection of the community&rehabilitation of the offenderThe theoretical model for treatment in probation/ parole are psychoanalytic theoryPersons with an antisocial personality disorder suffer from a poorly developed superegopsychopaths) and are restrained only by the ego, which alone cannot exercise adequatecontrol over id impulses.In P/P, psychoanalytic theory has traditionally been applied through the use of social casework.Social casework refers to a system for providing assistance based on social work conceptsThe three terms adopted by social casework for the helping process are assessment, planning,actionThe use of ego support entails efforts by the worker to sustain the client through expressions ofinterest, sympathy, and confidence.According to Florence Hollis, clarification is sometimes called counseling because it usuallyaccompanies other forms of rehabilitation in casework practice.Motivational Interviewing (MI) refers to “a style of communicating that helps people exploreand resolve ambivalence about changing specific, maladaptive behaviors”The five basic principles of motivational interviewing are express empathy, avoid argumentand direct confrontation, roll with resistance, develop discrepancy, support self- efficacyBy emphasizing respect, optimism, and choice, MI differs from confrontational approachesby engaging in patient listening while looking for ways to guide the interaction toward positive talk.
