Explain one similarity and one difference among two of the networks of exchange in this time period.

KC-3.1.I.A.i Improved commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes - including the Silk Roads - promoting the growth of powerful new trading cities. Examples of trading cities include Kashgar and Samarkand.

KC-3.1.C.i The growth of interregional trade in luxury goods was encouraged by innovations in previously existing transportation and commercial technologies, including the caravanserai, forms of credit, and the development of money economies. Examples of these include bills of exchange, banking houses, and the use of paper money.

KC-3.3.I.B Demand for luxury goods increased in Afro-Eurasia. Chinese, Persian, and Indian artisans and merchants expanded their production of textiles and porcelains for export; manufacture of iron and steel expanded in China.

KC-3.2.I.B.iii Empires collapsed in different regions of the world and in some areas were replaced by new imperial states, including the Mongol khanates.

KC-3.1.I.E.i The expansion of empires—including the Mongols—facilitated Afro-Eurasian trade and communication as new people were drawn into their conquerors’ economies and trade networks.

KC-3.1.I.A.ii Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes, including the Indian Ocean, promoting the growth of powerful new trading cities.

KC-3.1.I.C.ii The growth of interregional trade in luxury goods was encouraged by significant innovations in previously existing transportation and commercial technologies, including the use of the compass, the astrolabe, and larger ship designs.

KC-3.1.I.A.iii The Indian Ocean trading network fostered the growth of states. Examples of the growth of states include city-states of the Swahili Coast, Gujarat, and the Sultanate of Malacca.

KC-3.2.II.A.iii Interregional contacts and conflicts between states and empires encouraged significant technological and cultural transfers, including during Chinese maritime activity led by Ming Admiral Zheng He.

KC-3.1.II.A.i The expansion and intensification of long-distance trade routes often depended on environmental knowledge, including advanced knowledge of the monsoon winds.

KC-3.1.II.A.ii The growth of interregional trade was encouraged by innovations in existing transportation technologies. Examples of technologies encouraging interregional trade include the camel saddle and caravans.

KC-3.1.I.A.iv Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes, including the trans-Saharan trade network.

KC-3.1.I.E.ii The expansion of empires—including Mali in West Africa–facilitated Afro-Eurasian trade and communication as new people were drawn into the economies and trade networks.

KC-3.1.III.D Increased cross-cultural interactions resulted in the diffusion of literary, artistic, and cultural traditions, as well as scientific and technological innovations. Examples of diffusion of cultural traditions include the influence of Buddhism in East Asia, the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism into Southeast Asia, and the spread of Islam in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Examples of diffusion of scientific or technological innovations include gunpowder from China and paper from China.

KC-3.3.II The fate of cities varied greatly, with periods of significant decline and periods of increased urbanization, buoyed by rising productivity and expanding trade networks.

KC-3.1.III.C As exchange networks intensified, an increasing number of travelers within Afro-Eurasia wrote about their travels. Examples of travelers include Ibn Battuta, Margery Kempe, and Marco Polo.

KC-3.1 A deepening and widening of networks of human interaction within and across regions contributed to cultural, technological, and biological diffusion within and between various societies.

KC-3.3 Changes in trade networks resulted from and stimulated increasing productive capacity, with important implications for social and gender structures and environmental processes.