Bagaimana Anda mewarnai angka dengan python?

Jika kita ingin lebih memanfaatkan warna yang tersedia, kita memerlukan seluruh daftar (nama dan sedikit contoh). Saya membuat sepotong kode untuk menghasilkan kedua set warna. Dalam kedua kasus, matplotlib memiliki beberapa metode yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk mengekstrak informasi warna, jadi kami tidak membuat roda lagi, hanya menggunakan apa yang telah disediakan.

Kami bisa mendapatkan beberapa kecanggihan tambahan, seperti menggunakan kode HTML dan bereksperimen membuat warna Anda sendiri. Saran saya bawa pulang adalah. mulai dari yang sederhana, gunakan apa yang disediakan, dan lebih fokus pada analisis/visualisasi Anda. Jika setelah beberapa saat Anda merasa nyaman, lakukan beberapa percobaan

Warna hijau, cyan, magenta, dan kuning tidak sesuai dengan warna X11/CSS4. Nuansa khusus mereka dipilih untuk visibilitas yang lebih baik dari garis berwarna dengan latar belakang yang khas

• import numpy as np
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  import matplotlib as mpl
  
  th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)
  
  
  def demo(sty):
      mpl.style.use(sty)
      fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))
  
      ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')
  
      ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
      ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
      ax.legend()
  
  
  demo('default')
  demo('seaborn-v0_8')
  

  5 berwarna biru

• import numpy as np
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  import matplotlib as mpl
  
  th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)
  
  
  def demo(sty):
      mpl.style.use(sty)
      fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))
  
      ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')
  
      ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
      ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
      ax.legend()
  
  
  demo('default')
  demo('seaborn-v0_8')
  

  6 sebagai hijau

• import numpy as np
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  import matplotlib as mpl
  
  th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)
  
  
  def demo(sty):
      mpl.style.use(sty)
      fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))
  
      ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')
  
      ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
      ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
      ax.legend()
  
  
  demo('default')
  demo('seaborn-v0_8')
  

  7 berwarna merah

• import numpy as np
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  import matplotlib as mpl
  
  th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)
  
  
  def demo(sty):
      mpl.style.use(sty)
      fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))
  
      ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')
  
      ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
      ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
      ax.legend()
  
  
  demo('default')
  demo('seaborn-v0_8')
  

  _8 sebagai cyan

• import numpy as np
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  import matplotlib as mpl
  
  th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)
  
  
  def demo(sty):
      mpl.style.use(sty)
      fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))
  
      ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')
  
      ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
      ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
      ax.legend()
  
  
  demo('default')
  demo('seaborn-v0_8')
  

  _9 sebagai magenta

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  0 sebagai kuning

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  1 hitam

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  2 putih

Nama warna X11/CSS4 case-insensitive tanpa spasi

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  _3

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  _4

Nama warna case-insensitive dari survei warna xkcd dengan awalan

import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
import matplotlib.patches as mpatch

overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
           if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}

fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])

n_groups = 3
n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1

for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
    css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
    xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()

    # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
    rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
    luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
    css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
    xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'

    col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
    y_pos = j % n_rows
    text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
    ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
    ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
    ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
            color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
    ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
            color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
    ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)

for g in range(n_groups):
    ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
    ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
    ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')

ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
ax.axis('off')

plt.show()

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  _6

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  _7

Warna Tablo case-insensitive dari palet kategori 'T10'

Catatan

Ini adalah siklus warna default

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  _8

• import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
  import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
  
  overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
             if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}
  
  fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
  ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
  
  n_groups = 3
  n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1
  
  for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
      css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
      xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()
  
      # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
      rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
      luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
      css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
      xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'
  
      col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
      y_pos = j % n_rows
      text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
      ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
      ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
              color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
              color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
      ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)
  
  for g in range(n_groups):
      ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
      ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
      ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')
  
  ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
  ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
  ax.axis('off')
  
  plt.show()
  

  _9

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_0

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_1

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_2

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_3

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_4

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_5

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_6

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_7

spesifikasi warna "CN" di mana (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_8 mendahului nomor yang bertindak sebagai indeks ke dalam siklus properti default

Catatan

Matplotlib mengindeks warna pada waktu pengundian dan default ke hitam jika siklus tidak menyertakan warna

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5)_9

• (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3)0

(0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3)1 (default. (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3)2)

Lihat juga

• Demo Warna Contoh

• API

• Daftar warna bernama Contoh

"Merah", "Hijau", dan "Biru" adalah intensitas warna-warna tersebut. Dalam kombinasi, mereka mewakili ruang warna

Transparansi

Nilai alfa warna menentukan transparansinya, di mana 0 sepenuhnya transparan dan 1 sepenuhnya buram. Saat warna semi-transparan, warna latar belakang akan terlihat

Nilai alpha menentukan warna yang dihasilkan dengan memadukan warna latar depan dengan warna latar belakang sesuai dengan rumus

\[RGB_{hasil} = RGB_{latar belakang} * (1 - \alfa) + RGB_{latar depan} * \alfa\]

Plot berikut menggambarkan efek transparansi

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
import numpy as np

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6.5, 1.65), layout='constrained')
ax.add_patch(Rectangle((-0.2, -0.35), 11.2, 0.7, color='C1', alpha=0.8))
for i, alpha in enumerate(np.linspace(0, 1, 11)):
    ax.add_patch(Rectangle((i, 0.05), 0.8, 0.6, alpha=alpha, zorder=0))
    ax.text(i+0.4, 0.85, f"{alpha:.1f}", ha='center')
    ax.add_patch(Rectangle((i, -0.05), 0.8, -0.6, alpha=alpha, zorder=2))
ax.set_xlim(-0.2, 13)
ax.set_ylim(-1, 1)
ax.set_title('alpha values')
ax.text(11.3, 0.6, 'zorder=1', va='center', color='C0')
ax.text(11.3, 0, 'zorder=2\nalpha=0.8', va='center', color='C1')
ax.text(11.3, -0.6, 'zorder=3', va='center', color='C0')
ax.axis('off')

Persegi panjang oranye semi-transparan dengan alfa = 0. 8. Baris atas kotak biru digambar di bawah dan baris bawah kotak biru digambar di atas persegi panjang jingga

Lihat juga Demo Zorder untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut tentang urutan gambar.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib as mpl

th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)


def demo(sty):
    mpl.style.use(sty)
    fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))

    ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')

    ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
    ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
    ax.legend()


demo('default')
demo('seaborn-v0_8')

import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
import matplotlib.patches as mpatch

overlap = {name for name in mcolors.CSS4_COLORS
           if f'xkcd:{name}' in mcolors.XKCD_COLORS}

fig = plt.figure(figsize=[9, 5])
ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])

n_groups = 3
n_rows = len(overlap) // n_groups + 1

for j, color_name in enumerate(sorted(overlap)):
    css4 = mcolors.CSS4_COLORS[color_name]
    xkcd = mcolors.XKCD_COLORS[f'xkcd:{color_name}'].upper()

    # Pick text colour based on perceived luminance.
    rgba = mcolors.to_rgba_array([css4, xkcd])
    luma = 0.299 * rgba[:, 0] + 0.587 * rgba[:, 1] + 0.114 * rgba[:, 2]
    css4_text_color = 'k' if luma[0] > 0.5 else 'w'
    xkcd_text_color = 'k' if luma[1] > 0.5 else 'w'

    col_shift = (j // n_rows) * 3
    y_pos = j % n_rows
    text_args = dict(fontsize=10, weight='bold' if css4 == xkcd else None)
    ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((0 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=css4))
    ax.add_patch(mpatch.Rectangle((1 + col_shift, y_pos), 1, 1, color=xkcd))
    ax.text(0.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, css4,
            color=css4_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
    ax.text(1.5 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, xkcd,
            color=xkcd_text_color, ha='center', **text_args)
    ax.text(2 + col_shift, y_pos + .7, f'  {color_name}', **text_args)

for g in range(n_groups):
    ax.hlines(range(n_rows), 3*g, 3*g + 2.8, color='0.7', linewidth=1)
    ax.text(0.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'X11/CSS4', ha='center')
    ax.text(1.5 + 3*g, -0.3, 'xkcd', ha='center')

ax.set_xlim(0, 3 * n_groups)
ax.set_ylim(n_rows, -1)
ax.axis('off')

plt.show()